Like many European Union countries, Italy is a signatory to the Schengen Agreement. As such, visitors will not require a visa for stays in Italy fewer than 90 days. Additionally, EU citizens do not require a visa to enter or stay in Italy regardless of the duration of stay. However, all foreigners entering Italy, regardless of country of origin, must obtain the necessary stay or resident permit depending upon their reasons for being in Italy (i.e. work or school).

The Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs classifies anyone residing in Italy for longer than 90 days as a resident. As of May 28, 2007, all non-residents (tourists staying in Italy for fewer than 90 days) from non-Schengen countries (including Canada and the United States) are required to complete a Declaration of Presence (Dichiarazione di Presenza). The Declaration of Presence is obtained at the airport on the day of arrival.